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ictus

The actual seizure event.

Related Words
seizure

idiopathic

Occuring without known cause; in the context of epilepsy, indicates cases in which no lesion is present and a genetic cause is presumed.

Related Words
epilepsy

idiopathic facial paralysis

An idiopathic disorder resulting in unilateral or bilateral paresis or paralysis of the facial muscles in dogs and cats. 

►click here to learn more-link provided by: www.merckvetmanual.com

Related Words
idiopathic  ;  lateral  ;  paralysis  ;  paresis

idiopathic polyradiculoneuritis

Condition of unknown cause, characterized by inflammation of the nerves and nerve roots; also called coonhound paralysis.

►click here to learn more-link provided by: www.petplace.com

Related Words
idiopathic  ;  inflammation  ;  nerve  ;  polyradiculoneuritis

immune-mediated disease

Condition which results from abnormal activity of the body's immune system; autoimmune disease is a subset of immune-mediated disease.

Related Words
autoimmune disease

immune-mediated meningoencephalitis

Inflammation of the brain and meninges resulting from abnormal activity of the body’s immune system.

Related Words
brain  ;  immune-mediated disease  ;  inflammation  ;  meninges

incontinence

Inability to control urination and defecation.

infarct

An area of tissue damage due to ischemia resulting from obstruction of circulation commonly by a thrombus or embolus.

Related Words
embolus  ;  ischemia  ;  thrombus

infection

Invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues which may result in cellular injury due to competitive metabolism, toxins, intracellular replication, or antigen-antibody response.

Related Words
antibody  ;  antigen  ;  microorganism  ;  toxin

inflammation

A localized protective response elicited by injury or destruction of tissues, which serves to destroy, dilute, or wall off both the injurous agent and the injured tissue.  The five cardinal signs of inflammation include:

  1. redness (rubor)
  2. swelling (tumor)
  3. heat (calor)
  4. pain (dolor)
  5. loss of function (functio laesa)

►click here to learn more-link provided by: www.merckvetmanual.com

Related Words
sign

inner ear

Part of the ear involved in hearing and balance.  It is composed of the semicircular canals (control balance), vestibule, and the cochlea (amplify sound).

Related Words
cochlea  ;  ear  ;  semicircular canals

innervation

The distribution or supply of nerves to a part.

Related Words
nerve

interneuron

Neuron that receives input from one neuron and projects to another neuron within the spinal cord, allowing a greater degree of complexity of movement control.

Related Words
neuron  ;  spinal cord

intervertebral disk

Layers of fibrocartilage between the bodies of adjacent vertebrae, consisting of the annulus fibrosus and the nucleus pulposus; acts as a cushion and shock absorber for the spine;  disk can also be spelled "disc".

►click here to learn more (see figure 62.1-A)-link provided by: University of Pennsylvania, College of Veterinary Medicine

Related Words
annulus fibrosus  ;  fiber  ;  nucleus pulposus  ;  spine  ;  vertebra

intervertebral disk disease

Condition affecting the spine, in which a tear in the outer, fibrous ring (annulus fibrosus) of an intervertebral disk allows the soft, central portion (nucleus pulposus) to bulge out. This tear in the disk ring may result in the pressurized contents striking and compressing the spinal cord, causing pain and/or paresis.  The disease progresses when persistent compression damages neurons and blood vessels causing the release of inflammatory chemical mediators and decreasing blood flow to the spinal cord resulting in severe pain.  Type I disk disease occurs with a total rupture of the dorsal part of the annulus and extrusion of the nucleus pulposus into the spinal canal.  Type II disk disease occurs with a bulging of the annulus fibrosis into the spinal canal.

Related Words
annulus fibrosus  ;  dorsal  ;  intervertebral disk  ;  nerve root  ;  neuron  ;  nucleus pulposus  ;  paresis  ;  spinal canal  ;  spinal cord  ;  spine

intracranial pressure

Pressure in the skull exerted by the brain, cerebrospinal fluid, and the cerebral blood supply.

Related Words
brain  ;  cerebral cortex  ;  cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

intrathecal space

Within a sheath; an intrathecal injection goes through the theca of the spinal cord and into the subarachnoid space.

Related Words
spinal cord  ;  subarachnoid space

intravenous (IV)

Within a vein.

ion

An atom with a positive (cation) or negative (anion) charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons.

ionizing radiation

Any radiation (e.g. X-rays) capable of displacing electrons from atoms or molecules, thereby producing (positively) charged particles or ions.  At high doses, ionizing radiation increases chemical activity inside cells and can lead to health risks, including cancer.

Related Words
ion  ;  x-rays

ionophore

Any molecule that increases the permeability of a cell membrane to a specific ion;  usually synthesized by microorganisms, some ionophores are used as antibiotics and/or as growth enhancing feed additives for certain food animals such as cattle; overdose and misuse may cause myopathy.

Related Words
microorganism  ;  myopathy

ipsilateral

Located on the same side of the body.

Related Words
lateral

ischemia

Impairment of tissue function due to a reduction in blood supply relative to metabolic demand.

Related Words
blood

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